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| Varicocele |
Varicocele is an abnormal swelling that happens in the veins inside the scrotum sac surrounding the testicles, resulting in a buildup of blood in the veins which raises the testicle temperature thus weakening it.
It is a chronic ailment that progresses over time, and its sole impact is on reproductive ability.
Causes of Varicocele
Some inquire about the origins of varicoceles for prevention, but usually, the varices are initially present due to a congenital weakness in the vein wall in the testicle, allowing blood to accumulate inside.
There are factors that contribute to their manifestation and increased severity.
Factors Aiding the Appearance of Varicocele
Factors that worsen testicle varices include:
Wearing tight attire.
Standing and sitting for extended durations.
Lifting heavy objects.
Holding breath when lifting weights during exercise.
Symptoms of Varicocele
The presence of varices does not necessarily imply a serious issue. Varicoceles usually do not present with symptoms, and a person might only discover they have it during medical evaluations when facing fertility delays after marriage.
However, some signs of varicocele might appear in certain instances such as:
Feeling discomfort.
A lump in the scrotal sac.
A noticeable disparity in the size of the testicles.
Symptoms vary depending on the grade of the varicocele in the patient.
Grades of Varicocele
Testicle varices can be classified into three grades:
Grade One: This condition shows no symptoms and it is impossible for the patient to know about it, being discovered only through an examination by a specialist physician.
Grade Two (called fullness): In this instance, the physician can detect it by palpating the spermatic cord, which feels full and not of its normal size.
Grade Three: This is the highest grade, easily recognizable by the patient as it is visible to the naked eye. The veins in this case are swollen and twisted above the testicle, appearing as a mass resembling a "bag of worms." The patient often feels pain in this situation, especially if their occupation requires prolonged sitting or standing.
Note: There is a type of varicocele called (adolescent varicocele) whose symptoms appear around the age of fourteen.
The damage from the varicocele depends on the strength of the testicle in the patient; meaning, if the testicle is weak, even Grade Two might affect it, whereas if it is strong, even Grade Three varices might not have an impact.
Varicocele Treatment
After reading the preceding text and learning what testicle varices are, their causes, and resulting symptoms, you might wonder about the necessary steps for remedy and treatment modalities, which we will discuss in the next section.
Pre-Treatment Procedures
There are a few necessary steps before treatment to diagnose the varicocele condition, such as:
Semen analysis.
An imaging study by an andrology doctor to determine the grade of the ailment.
Methods for Treating Varicocele
There are several ways to treat varicocele, but the established technique in variceal surgery is the procedure to ligate the veins using a surgical microscope. Only specialized andrology surgeons perform this procedure.
When Should We Resort to Surgical Intervention?
As mentioned before, varicoceles are chronic conditions, and surgery is the only cure. However, not all cases necessitate surgical intervention; the physician determines the patient's need after a physical assessment of their condition.
Surgical intervention is warranted in three scenarios:
A change in testicular size; normally, the two testicles should not be the same size, but surgery is required if the size difference between the two is greater than the natural variation due to the varicocele, leading to the shrinking of one.
The presence of an issue in semen analysis reports.
Experiencing severe pain along with a problem in the analyses.
The presence of pain without an analytical issue—in some cases—does not mandate surgical intervention because the cause of the pain is likely congestion, much of which stems from infrequent marital relations.
Pain can be avoided by steering clear of its triggers, like prolonged sitting or standing and wearing tight clothing. The patient can also use some painkillers after consulting with a physician.
After understanding what varicocele is, if you suffer from any of its symptoms, do not delay consulting an andrology specialist to confirm your well-being, and follow up with them every 6 months to ensure the ailment does not progress.
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